Subject: Hebraic Roots Glossary - Part 7
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 1998 22:58:24 +0000
To: "Hebraic Heritage Newsgroup"<heb_roots_chr@geocities.com>
From: JOHANVR <johanvr@srvnac3.nac.ac.za>
Subject: Comprehensive Glossary of Hebraic Terms - Part 7
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Expository Glossary
of Terms Used in
Messianic Teaching (Part 7)
Copyright February 1998
Expository Glossary of Terms used in Messianic Teaching
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Preface
This Expository Glossary of Terms used in Messianic Teaching was
developed for a Messianic study group that has been meeting in the
Helderberg area of South Africa since mid-1995. We plan to publish
three studies on the Messiah, entitled:
King Messiah
The Coming of King Messiah
The Festivals of King Messiah.
The Expository Glossary of Terms used in Messianic Teaching explains
unfamiliar terms that talmidim (students) will encounter in their
studies.
Students are requested to notify us (in writing) of all difficult
terms used in the three monographs listed above, which have been left
out, ore are not adequately explained, in the Glossary.
Key
Entries followed by the symbol [G] are Greek terms.
Entries followed by the symbol [L] are Latin terms.
Entries followed by the symbol [A] are Aramaic terms.
Almost all other foreign-language entries are Hebrew.
(Part 7)
Goy
Plural: Goyim.
Nation; Gentile.
Goyah
A Gentile woman.
Goyim
Gentiles; nations.
Great Commission
In Mattatiyahu 28:18-20, Yahushua commissions his talmidim to become
sh'liachim-sent ones, commissioned ones:
Mattatiyahu 28:18-20:
.Therefore go and make talmidim of all the Goyim.teaching them to obey
everything I have commanded you."
To understand this commandment, we must place it back in its original
setting. In ancient Israel, a Rabbi or teacher would attract a group
of talmidim, i.e. students, to him. They would voluntarily attach
themselves to him to study the Scriptures with him and learn from him
how to apply the Scriptures in their daily walk. The Rabbi attracted
his talmidim by his knowledge, wisdom, understanding and his walk with
YHWH, not by forcing them or running after them.
Based on this understanding, we can paraphrase the commission, as it
applies specifically to us, as follows:
Become talmidim of the Messiah. Learn the Scriptures, worshipping the
Father walking in the Footsteps of the Messiah. Live like Messiah
instructed us, obeying the Word in love. Then go to all the nations.
By your moral example and knowledge of the truth, attract people to
voluntarily (and often temporarily) attach themselves to you as
students. Teach them that YHWH seeks us in the Son-Yahushua the
Messiah, that He reaches us in the Spirit, bringing us by the Spirit
to the Son and in Him to the Father.
Grogger
Noisemaker used to drown out Haman's name during the reading of the
Megillah on Purim.
G'ulah
Redemption. Specifically: the redemption of YHWH through the Messiah.
The blood of bulls and goats can never restore Chayim Olam
(resurrection and immortality) to our nephesh (being). The sacrifices
offered in the wilderness and in the Beit HaMikdash (Temple) set
Yisra'el apart unto YHWH and temporarily covered their transgression,
but ultimately pointed toward the g'ulah (redemption) through the
Go'el (Kinsman-Redeemer) who would be sent forth by the Father. We
presently have the firstfruits of redemption, but await the final or
full redemption that will happen with the return of King Messiah.
Hadas
A myrtle branch.
HaElyon
The Most High.
Haftarah
Selection from the Prophets read or chanted after the weekly Torah
portion during the synagogue service on the Sabbath and set-apart
days.
HaGadol
The great.
Hagah
To murmur (in pleasure or anger). To ponder, imagine, mutter, roar,
speak, study, talk, utter.
Hagbalah
Days of Abstinence.
Haggadah
A general Hebrew term for utterance, applied specifically to the
nonlegal portion of rabbinic literature. It is also the title of the
text recited at the festive meal (Seder) on the first two nights of
Passover. Literally: telling; book in which the Passover story is
retold and the Seder ritual is outlined. The tale of the Exodus from
Egypt as read at the Seder Night.
Haggay
Haggai.
Hairstyle (men)
It is very sad, even disgusting, that the popular Christian
representation of "Jesus" is a long-haired man-Scripture clearly
prescribes that a priest should have neatly trimmed hair and beard.
Yahushua was and is our High Priest. Look at the following witness of
the Tanakh and the B'rit Chadashah concerning the hairstyle of a
priest:
Yechezk'el 44:20 (NIV):
The priests must not shave their heads or let their hair grow long,
but they are to keep the hair of their heads trimmed.
1Corinthians 11:14 (NIV):
Does not the very nature of things teach you that if a man has long
hair, it is a disgrace to him.
In Me'am Lo'az-The Torah Anthology: Yom Kippur Service (Kaplan, 1982:
60), the halakhic prohibitions of the sages concerning male hairstyle
are set out:
.a prohibition against letting one's hair grow and not cutting it.so
as to resemble [pagan priests].Likewise, it is forbidden to.leave the
hair on the back [of the head] falling on one's shoulders, since all
these are pagan customs and forbidden by Elohim.
If one does any of these, he is in violation of this commandment and
can incur the penalty of flogging.
We have shown that the popular "takhaar" conception of how "Jesus"
looks, is in fact a representation of Antiochus IV "Epiphanes" and the
coming False messiah.
HaKadosh BaruchHu
"The Set-Apart One, Blessed be He."
Halakhah
The way one goes; the word for law, or for the purely legal and
regulatory portions of the Talmud, and of all Jewish lore.Jewish law.
Law, regulation, legal ruling on a particular issue. The legal part
of rabbinic literature. Derived from a Hebrew word meaning "walk,"
halakhah lays down the way one should walk or live one's life, based
on the teachings of both written and oral Torah. A halakhah is also a
specific legal decision in a given area of life which a person is to
follow.
Halakha comes from the Hebrew word Halak (Strong's 1980) which means
"to walk." Halacha means the way one walks or how you keep the
commandments of YHWH.
In Scripture, YHWH gives many commandments for us to follow. The
question then becomes how do I follow and keep these commandments.
The Hebrew term describing the rules of how to walk is halakhah.
In Yochanan 14:6, Yahushua said that He was the WAY. The Hebrew
equivalent of "way" is derek; it denotes "a course of life or mode of
action, a road trodden." Halakhah is intended to show you the derek
(way) that you are to live to keep the commandments of the Almighty,
i.e. your covenantal obligations.
Halakhah L'Mosheh Mi'Sinai
A Law claimed to have been given to Mosheh on Mount Sinai, but not
written explicitly in the Torah. Oral Torah.
HaMelekh
The king.
Hamantashen
Filled three-cornered pastries supposed to represent Haman's hat,
traditionally eaten on Chag Purim.
Hamavdil
The Havdalah blessing.
Hanukah
See: Chanukah
Haptomai [G]
To attach oneself to, i.e. to touch. Hebrew: Naga.
Harpazo [G]
Catch (away, up), pluck, pull, take (by force).
HaSatan
The Adversary (same as Satan).
Havdalah
Literally: separation; ceremony that marks the end of the Sabbath and
the beginning of the week. The blessing over wine to mark the
difference between the Sabbath and the weekdays.
Hallel
Plural: Hallim.
The Hallim are Psalms 113-118, which are special psalms of praise sung
on specific festivals. The Hallim were sung while Messiah died on the
cross. Read Psalm 118-the Lot of the Messiah-in this light. Note
that the expression, "the Right Hand of YHWH" is a prophetic term for
the Messiah.
Hallel HaGadol
Talmud Peshachim 118a calls Psalm 136 the Hallel HaGadol-the Great
Song of Praise.
HaMelekh
The King. Major part of the Rosh HaShanah Musaf (additional) service.
Harp
See: New Song.
Two types of harp were used in ancient Yisra'el. The first harp,
known as the Nevel, dates from the patriarchal period. The Nevel had
3 to 22 strings. The number 22 is very significant to the sages. The
Hebrew alphabet contains exactly 22 letters. They teach that the
Almighty created the universe by pronouncing the letters of the Hebrew
alphabet, one letter at a time, from the alef (}) to the tav (Z). The
sages taught that YHWH sang the creation, accompanied by a heavenly
harp, a Nevel. Besides creation, the twenty-two letters of the Hebrew
alphabet, as well as the 22 strings of the Nevel, speak of the Devar
(Word), Torah (the Instruction of the Almighty) and the Messiah. The
sages claim that the Nevel makes the most beautiful music in the
world.
Now consider Genesis 1:1
1234567Ba'raysheet bara Elohim [et] haShamayim [v'et] haEretzIn the
beginning ofcreatedElohimthe heavensthe earth
The Hebrew spelling of Z} (et), the fourth word in Genesis 1:1 is
alef-tov, and the spelling of the sixth word, Z}Y (v'et), is
wav-alef-tov. In the Hebrew language, the Z} (et) is a purely
grammatical word. Its only function is to point to the subject/object
of a sentence. Therefore the word Z} (et) is not translated. The wav
prefixed to the Z} (or other words) is simply the Hebrew way of saying
"and."
At the interpretative level of the sod, the term Z} refers to the
Devar, the Torah and the Ruach (Spirit, Breath, Person-in-action) of
the Almighty. He created the heavens and the earth by the Devar, and
the Devar consists of devarim (words) composed of the 22 letters of
the Hebrew alphabet, which begins with } and ends with Z. Therefore
we may say:
Ba'raysheet (in the beginning) was the Torah and the Torah was with
Elohim and the Torah was Elohim.
Ba'raysheet (in the beginning) was the Devar and the Devar was with
Elohim and the Devar was Elohim.
Ba'raysheet (in the beginning) was the Z} and the Z} was with Elohim
and the Z} was Elohim.
Ba'raysheet (in the beginning) was the Sh'khinah and the Sh'khinah was
with Elohim and the Sh'khinah was Elohim.
Ba'raysheet (in the beginning) was the Ruach HaKodesh and the Ruach
HaKodesh was with Elohim and the Ruach HaKodesh was Elohim.
Statements analogous to the above are found in the writings of ancient
sages of Yisra'el. In Aramaic writings, the Devar is termed the
Memra. In the Tanakh (i.e. the Hebrew Scriptures), the Devar is often
portrayed as a person who comes to the prophet, and who is sent to
Yisra'el. At the interpretative level of the sod, Z'kharyah 6
intimates that the Messiah personifies the Devar of YHWH, that He is
the Sent One, that His name is DVYUW and He will rule as High Priest
and King of Yisra'el, holding both offices in perfect harmony.
Also at the interpretative level of the sod, Genesis 1:1 intimates
that the Mashiach-the Anointed, Empowered One-who personifies the
Devar, the Torah, who bears and bestows the Ruach of Elohim to
Yisra'el, would come two times: the first time would be 4000 years
after the impartation of the neshamah to Adam, and the second time
would be at the end of the year 6000. Between the two comings, He
would be in haShamayim (Heaven, i.e. with YHWH) for approximately 2000
years, and would then come to haEretz-the earth. Genesis 1:1 contains
the 7000-year plan of YHWH in a nutshell.
During the Second Temple era, the Nevel was used in the Temple music,
and had a half-tone lever system. These levers provide the player the
ability to alter each string exactly one half-tone. They can also be
repositioned very quickly, even in the middle of a song. This device
enables the musician to change into different scales while playing,
without stopping to re-tune the harp. It is known that the Levitical
choir performed these changes frequently in the awesome music of the
Temple. Below is a picture of a Nevel, reconstructed by Micah and
Shoshanna Harrari of Yerushalayim.
Figure: A 22-stringed Nevel.
The second type of harp referred to in the Scriptures, is the Kinnor.
The Hebrew name for the Sea of Galilee, by the way, is Lake Kinneret,
because it this lake has the shape of a Kinnor. The lyre of David is
a Kinnor. Below is a picture of a 10-stringed Kinnor, reconstructed
by Micah and Shoshanna Harrari of Yerushalayim.
Figure: A 10-stringed Kinnor.
The harp, whether the Nevel or the Kinnor, can be played in three
different ways. The first is to play a known tune. The second method
is where the musician begins to play the harp, sensitive to the
direction of the Almighty. The ancient prophets played like this-the
prophet began to play his harp freely and then would feel a hand (yad)
on his shoulder At this time the tune and words was coming from the
Almighty, and the song was the prophecy. The Nevel was only used for
joyful occasions: weddings, homecomings, Temple Services, and for the
simple act of praising and worshipping the Creator of the Universe.
King David composed the psalms using the accompaniment of both the
Nevel and the Kinnor (lyre). In solitude, he reached up to the throne
of Heaven, and as the strings vibrated, his heart would fill with joy,
and the Ruach HaKodesh entered into his being and gave him the
inspiration to write the Psalms. The sages teach that the musical
notes played in the Temple are actually coded in the Hebrew
Scriptures, but that the key of translation has been lost over time.
The third way of playing the harp is as awesome as the second. The
harp is the only musical instrument that can be played by the wind. A
famous midrash tells of King David hanging his Kinnor in a tree at
night as he lay down. At midnight the north wind would blow and the
harp would begin to play, awakening David to worship YHWH by studying
Torah. In Hebrew, the word for wind is ruach; the Hebrew term
customarily translated as "Holy Spirit," is Ruach HaKodesh. The
rabbis teach that simulated wind, e.g. from a fan, can not induce the
harp to play. Only the ruach can make the harp resound beautifully,
without human hands. It is awesome to hear the Kinnor being played by
the ruach, the Yad (Hand) of YHWH.
HaShem
Literally: "the Name." An evasive synonym for the explicit Hebrew
name of the Almighty, YHWH.
Hatikva
"The hope." National anthem of the modern state of Israel.
Havdalah
Literally: separation. A ceremony that marks the end of the Shabbat
and other days set-apart to YHWH, and the coming secular days. During
Havdalah, a spicebox is passed around the table. Everybody brings it
to their noses to delight in the pleasant smell. This is a picture of
the Almighty's delight in those who delight in His exaltation.
Yesha'yahu 13:1-2 draws its imagery from the Havdalah ceremony, but is
usually poorly translated.
Haver
A Hebrew word meaning companion. In ancient times, it denoted a
scholar or pious person among those who loved and kept the Torah
faithfully. This concept was taken from the text of Psalm 119:63, "I
am a companion of them who fear YHWH."
HeChag
Literally: "the festival." One of the names for Sukkot.
Heileil
The shining one, the awakener of light. A term for the king of
Babylon in Yesha'yahu 14:12. When the Hebrew Scriptures were
translated into Latin, this term was translated as lucifer. At the
same time, the exegesis that Yesha'yahu 14:12 deals with the fall and
judgement of Satan, became popular. As a result, the name "Lucifer"
became a popular term for the adversary. It should be noted that the
common and popular identification LuciferSatan is based on (1) a
translation, and (2) an interpretation.
Hekhal
The the set-apart place that housed the menorah (7-branched
lampstand), the shulchan lechem ha-panim (Table of the Bread of the
Faces) and the mitzve'ach tzahav (golden Altar of Incense).
Hell
Misleading traditional mistranslation of Gey Hinnom.
Hester Panim
Hiding the face, i.e. the withdrawal of the favour of YHWH.
Heter
Permission, permit.
High Holy Days
The ten day period that starts on Rosh HaShanah (Tishri 1) and ends on
Yom Kippur (Tishri 10). Called the Days of Awe (Yamim Nora'im) and
days of t'shuvah (turning back in repentance) by the sages, because an
exegesis of Yo'el 2 shows that an overwhelmingly strong army will
attack and almost completely destroy Israel in the Day of UYUW. The
historical attack on Yahudah during the reign of king Chizkiyahu by
king Sancheiriv of Ashshur, is a prophetic shadow of this great
eschatological attack. The terminology used in Yo'el 2 indicated to
the sages that this attack will start on a Yom Teruah (Tishri 1) and
end on a Yom Kippur (Tishri 10). Yechezk'el 38-39 describes this same
attack. UYUW will use this attack to turn the remnant of Israel to
accept their Messiah-cf. Yechezk'el 39:22. In its eschatological,
prophetic intent, Chapter 1 of Yesha'yahu starts on the very eve of
that Yom Kippur, when Israel lies waste, her cities ruined.
Hillel
A famous rabbi who taught from 10 BM to 30 CE Hillel was known for his
thirst after knowledge, patience, humility, great knowledge and
kindness towards Gentiles who wanted to learn the ways of the Most
High.
Hillelites
The group of Pharisees who held to Hillel's view of the Torah, as
taught in Beit Hillel-the school of Hillel. Their view stressed the
chesed-the kindness and mercy-of the One who gave the Torah; for them,
Torah was given for the benefit of Israel.
Hilula
A celebration of a memorial.
Hip! Hip! Hurrah!
Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable states that Hip is said to be
a notarica, composed of the initial letters of Hierosolyma Est Perdita
("Jerusalem is destroyed"). Henri van Laun says, in Notes and
Queries, that whenever the German knights headed a Jew-hunt in the
Middle Ages, they ran shouting "Hip! Hip!" as much as to say
"Jerusalem is destroyed."
Timbs derives Hurrah from the Sclavonic hu-raj ("to Paradise"), so
that Hip! hip! hurrah! would mean "Jerusalem is lost to the infidel,
and we are on the road to Paradise." These etymons may be taken for
what they are worth. The word "hurrah!" is an exclamation in the
Germanic languages.
Hoddu
India.
Holy of Holies
See: Kodesh haKodeshim.
Homiletics
The art of preaching or public persuasion.
Hoshanah
A chant which means "please save us!" A heartfelt and almost
desperate prayer to the Almighty to send the Messiah, the Redeemer.
This word is widely misunderstood and misapplied in present-day
Christianity, especially in songs of praise.
Hoshana Rabbah
The last and greatest day of Sukkot.
[The] House
A term for the Temple in Yerushalayim. When we read in Acts 2 that
the talmidim were gathered together with one accord in "the house," it
does not refer to the upper room, but to the Beit HaMikdash.
I-khavod
The kivod has departed.
Ikvot HaMashiach
Footsteps of the Messiah. A Hebrew term for eschatology. In Hebraic
understanding, eschatology encompasses everything dealing with the
comings of the Messiah. The term Ikvot HaMashiach is derived from
Psalm 89:51.
Immersion
Proselytes to Judaism were immersed as a sign and a seal of their
life-redirecting, regenerating experience. The proselyte had utterly
broken with idolatry (i.e. demon-worship) to the worship of YHWH, the
One Elohim of Yisra'el. He passed from death to life, and was born as
a citizen of the `Olam ha-ba (the World to Come). The
immersion-washing of the proselyte was a graphic reminder, sign (ot)
and seal of this fact. The candidate, fully naked, immersed himself
in the waters, symbolically cleansing himself from antecedent
defilement. At least one witness had to be present to witness the
self-immersion. No part of the body was allowed to be above the
surface during immersion; the fingers and toes had to be moved to
ensure that the water of the mikveh would touch the entire surface of
the body. His past behind him, the proselyte emerged to take his
stand with Am Yisra'el (the covenant-people of Israel). In the
Talmud, newly immersed proselytes are called "born again." In
Tractate Yevamot 62a, e.g., Shim'on Ben-Lakish says that "a proselyte
is like a newborn infant." Rabbi Yosi makes a similar statement in
Tractate Yevamot 48b. Genesis Rabbah 39:11 also alludes to this
concept of rebirth.
The laws of the menstrual cycle specifies that an Israelite husband
and wife should not come together for 2 weeks per month. The first
week was the "seven red days" which were followed by the "seven white
days." Following the separation, the woman would, fully naked,
immerse herself into a mikveh to symbolise her passing from a state of
being tamei (not ready; ceremonially unclean) to tahor (ready;
ceremonially clean). Coming out of the mikveh, she would dress
herself like bride for the married couple's "monthly honeymoon," and
was called "born again."
The earliest artistic depiction of the immersion of Messiah Yahushua
shows Him immersing Himself into the river Yarden, fully naked, with
Yochanan haMatzvil standing right at the edge of the water, witnessing
the self-immersion and lending the Messiah a hand to help Him out of
the river.
It is very important to note that Scriptural immersion is always full
immesion and self-immersion, witnessed by at least one witness, and
never immersion by a second party. It is ironic that virtually none
of the denominations who vehemently denounce each other for practicing
an incorrect form of "baptism," practice it correctly! Any major
library contains all the information that is necessary to establish
how Scriptural immersion should be performed. Most denominations,
however, cherish their inherited traditions more than the truth. The
fathers built a fence, the children installed a gate in the fence and
the grandchildren threw away the gate's key. So the only way out is
to break out.
Ishtar
Pagan fertility goddess on whose pagan, idolatrous rites the rituals
of the "Christian" festival of Easter is based.
Israel Vision
See: Lost tribes of Israel.
Iyov
Job.
Izevel
Jezebel.
Jewish attitudes to Yeshua
All quotations below, except that of Dr. Pinchas Lapide, may be found
in The Messiahship of Jesus: Are Jews Changing Their Attitudes
Towards Jesus? by Dr Arthur Kac (Baker Book House, 1986). Dr Lapides's
book is The Resurrection of Jesus (Augsburg Publishing House,1983).
Albert Einstein
"As a child I received instruction both in the Bible and in the
Talmud. I am a Jew, but I am enthralled by the luminous figure of the
Nazarene."
Rabbi Leo Baeck-for many years the religious leader of German Jewry
"Jesus is a genuine Jewish personality, all his struggles and works,
his bearing and feeling, his speech and silence, bear the stamp of a
Jewish style, the mark of Jewish idealism, of the best that was and is
in Judaism. He was a Jew among Jews."
Prof. Martin Buber, Philosopher and Professor at Hebrew University,
Jerusalem
"It is a peculiar manifestation of our exile-psychology that we
permitted, and even aided in, the deletion of New Testament
Messianism, that meaningful offshoot of our spiritual history. It was
in a Jewish land that this spiritual revolution was kindled; and Jews
were those who had spread it all over the land.we must overcome the
superstitious fear which we harbor about the Messianic movement of
Jesus, and we must place the movement where it belongs, namely, in the
spiritual history of Judaism."
Prof Joseph Klausner, Hebrew University, Jerusalem
"Jesus was a Jew and a Jew he remained till his last breath. His one
idea was to implant within his nation the idea of the coming of the
Messiah and, by repentance and good works, hasten the 'end'.In all of
this, Jesus is the most Jewish of Jews.more Jewish than Hillel.From
the standpoint of general humanity, he is, indeed, 'a light to the
Gentiles.'"
Sholem Asch, Yiddish writer:
"I couldn't help writing on Jesus. Since I first met Him, he has held
my mind and heart.I floundered a bit, at first; I was seeking that
something for which so many of us search-that surety, that faith, that
spiritual content in my living which would bring me peace and through
which I might help bring people to others.
I found it in the Nazarene.Everything He ever said or did has value
for us today, and that is something you can say of no other man, alive
or dead.He became the Light of the world. Why shouldn't I, a Jew, be
proud of it?"
Rabbi Hyman Enelow, past President of the Central Conference of
American Rabbis:
"Jesus has become the most popular, the most studied, the most
influential figure in the religious history of mankind.No sensible Jew
can be indifferent to the fact that a Jew should have had such a
tremendous part in the religious education and direction of the human
race.Who can compute all that Jesus has meant to humanity? The love he
has inspired, the solace he has given, the good he has engendered, the
hope and joy he has kindled-all that is unequalled in human
history.The Jew cannot help glorying in what Jesus has meant to the
world; nor can he help hoping that Jesus may yet serve as a bond
between Jew and Christian, once his teaching is better known and the
bane of misunderstanding at last is removed from his words and his
ideal."
Rabbi Stephen Wise, Zionist leader and founder of the Jewish Institute
of Religion:
"Neither Christian protest nor Jewish lamentation can annul the fact
that Jesus was a Jew, an Hebrew of the Hebrews. Surely it is not
wholly unfit that Jesus be reclaimed by those who have never unitedly
nor organizedly denied him, though oft denied by his followers; that
Jesus should not be so much appropriated by us as assigned to the
place in Jewish life and Jewish history which is rightfully his own.
Jesus was not only a Jew but he was the Jew, the Jew of the Jews.In
that day when history shall be written in the light of truth, the
people of Israel will be known not as Christ-killers, but as
Christ-bearers; not as God-slayers, but as God-bringers to the world."
Dr Pinchas Lapide, Orthodox Jewish scholar
"Jesus was utterly true to the Torah, as I myself hope to be. I even
suspect that Jesus was even more true to the Torah than I, an Orthodox
Jew. I accept the resurrection of Easter Sunday not as an invention of
the community of disciples, but as an historical event.I believe that
the Christ event leads to a way of salvation which [Elohim] has opened
up in order to bring the gentile world into the community of
[Elohim's] Israel."
Judaisers
A term applied to a group of first-century Messianic Jews (probably
from Beit Shammai) who required non-Jews to perform Ma'asei
haTorah-"works of the Law" before they were accepted into the Body of
Messiah. Also called the "circumcision faction/party." Sha'ul reacts
strongly to their unauthorised countermissions in epistles such as
Romans, Colossians and, especially, Galatians. The message of the
Judaisers conflicted with the halakhic decree of the ruling council
reported in Acts 15.
Jubilee
Yovel.
Jubilees, Book of
A pseudepigraphal work sometimes called the Lesser Genesis, consisting
of a history of manking as related to Mosheh by an angel. The dates
mentioned by the angel centres around the years of Yovel.
Kabbalah
Jewish Mysticism. Kabbalists strive to understand the Creator and the
universe from a mystical viewpoint. Everything is viewed from an
esoteric position. Some wise men taught that whoever studies Kabbalah
before the age of 40 may go insane. We strongly advise students
against becoming involved with Kabbalah at all.
Kabbalat Ol Mitzvot
The acceptance of the yoke of the commandments; a convert's agreement
to lead a Jewish life.
Kabbalat Shabbat
Psalms, readings and songs welcoming the Sabbath; the introductory
portion of the Sabbath eve service.
Kaddish
A prayer praising the Almighty. This prayer is chanted at several
points in a service. In addition, it is recited at least once at each
service in memory of those who have died.Prayer of setting apart
(kadosh) the Name of YHWH.
Order this Glossary from:
Johann van Rooyen
PO Box 5276
HELDERBERG
7135
SOUTH AFRICA
E-Mail: JOHANVR@NAC.AC.ZA
End of Part 7
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